Transition
2002
Acrylic on canvas
36" x 36"
91.4cm x 91.4cm
Status & ownership
Currently in artist's studio, Berlin
About the work
A photo-collaged composite Manhattan skyscraper framed by a hand-painted grey sky, flanked at its base by RGB and CMYK color swatches. Second of the four original Art Collision compositions, and the artist's first sustained use of photography in the work. Transition is built from a photo collage of several real New York buildings spliced into a single impossible tower, the vantage receding further from the subject at each successive height so the disparate source photographs fit together without the perspective breaking. The tower rises from a base showing an abandoned or under-construction house, traffic cones, and chain-link fencing. Around it, the printed sky has been overpainted with a flat grey field in acrylic, its left and right edges left jagged -- following the exact boundary of the original printed sky rather than a drawn rectangle. At the base, on painted grey pedestals, sit two stacked color-swatch arrangements: RGB blocks on the left, CMYK blocks on the right, each ordered to match the real channel sequence of its color model. Roughly half the surface is painted -- the sky and the swatches -- while the building itself remains largely untouched photo collage.
Intent
Mainly the color switch, but it's also a transition for my style and the first use of photographs that continues in my works. I still thought of myself as a painter -- that's really why the photograph needed paint on it, not just a concept about print versus screen. It was also the first series I made after Utrecht, and in a real sense it was made against that experience -- not against art school as an idea, but against the specific version of it I found there: a concept-based program where the teachers used 'concept-based' as cover for not teaching technique, and behind it, a whole European system built around getting government subsidy to make art. I saw how that worked in practice -- shows staged less for a public and more to be photographed as proof that the funded work had actually happened. Art Collision, starting with this painting, was made deliberately outside that: DIY, self-organized shows with other artists in New York and a few spaces I'd kept in touch with in Holland, made to be seen rather than to be documented as compliant.
Direct inspiration
David Hockney's photo collages and joiners -- the fractured, multi-perspective assembly of a single subject from many photographs.
Making
The building is a photo collage of multiple real NYC buildings. For each building going up in the composite, the vantage point moves further from the subject, which is what allows the different source photographs to fit together into one continuous tower without the perspective breaking. The grey sky follows the boundary of the original printed sky. RGB swatch blocks (left) and CMYK swatch blocks (right) are ordered to match each model's real channel sequence -- acrylic paint throughout, roughly half the surface painted and half left as untouched print.
Context of making
Left Hoge School voor de Kunsten, Utrecht before completing the program. The concept-based curriculum was a shock, and felt in practice like a cover the teachers used to avoid teaching technique. Self-taught HTML and CSS from the W3C specifications during the same period, and worked briefly as a junior art director at a web company before the dot-com bubble burst. Joined the Global Peace Walk 2000 partway through its east coast leg and walked with the group into New York, settling there afterward. Leaving Europe was a real loss, not a simple redirection -- longed for it, got in, and finding the actual art-world mechanics there (subsidy-dependent shows staged and photographed as proof of compliance rather than made for a public) felt like reaching the end of the yellow brick road and finding the wizard was just a man behind a curtain. The Peace Walk itself shifted more than location: raised without religion in San Francisco, the artist had used crosses in the early oil paintings purely as a visual device -- borrowed from Dalí as a generic symbol of belief, not a Christian one, per the artist's own account elsewhere in the archive (Nature vs Nurture). Direct exposure to Native American ceremony and thought on the walk was a real pull, though the artist did not follow it as fully as some of his walking companions did. He identifies as European by descent but was born on Turtle Island, and did not identify with being American even as a child -- his identification was with San Francisco specifically, not the USA. The walk read less as a conversion and more as confirmation of an identity already felt, going back to early childhood. It also reframed the earlier invented, idealized Romanticism of the 1994 oil paintings (an unlived nature borrowed from European painting) into something the artist describes as having its own romanticism, but more real -- lived and ceremonial rather than invented from the outside. The Peace Walk's significance of the number four in Native American Church tradition surfaces in Transition only as a quiet structural echo (RGB's three channels becoming CMYK's four), confirmed as something noticed at the time of making rather than only in hindsight; it appears more overtly in the related works Prophecy and Four Nations. Consumer digital cameras and access to a large-format HP printer became available in this same period, enabling the shift from oil painting into photo-and-paint work -- Transition is the first real series to follow this period, made in a New York DIY exhibition network built with other artists there and a few spaces kept in touch with from Holland.
Where it went
The grey sky and its RGB/CMYK color logic were not the starting idea. The original plan was to blend the printed sky's edges by hand, but water couldn't be used on the printed canvas and dry-brushing didn't blend well. The grey field, its jagged edge, and the color-swatch concept all grew out of that failed attempt rather than being planned from the outset.
In the practice
Made in New York in 2002, shortly after the Global Peace Walk 2000 and one year of art school at Hoge School voor de Kunsten, Utrecht. Second of the four original Art Collision compositions, paired with the already-catalogued Prophecy as the founding pair of the series -- the first works to combine photography and paint in the artist's practice.
Process
Holds at least two distinct pictorial registers in one frame: a multi-source photographic composite (the building) against a hand-painted, uniformly flat field (the sky) with a boundary that reads as a followed constraint rather than a designed shape. The RGB/CMYK swatches are the only passages of flat, non-representational color and sit in a diagrammatic relationship to the rest of the image, distinct from its photographic and painted registers alike.
David Hockney — Photo collages / joiners -- fractured multi-perspective assembly of a single subject from many photographs, consciously referenced during the making of Transition.
David Hockney · David Hockney
Photo collages / joiners -- fractured multi-perspective assembly of a single subject from many photographs, consciously referenced during the making of Transition.
Visual Similarity
Works with similar visual structure, found by comparing image embeddings across the archive.
Explore visual embeddings →Related Patterns
Throughlines and bio events that include this work — the same connections shown on those pages, linked back here.
- A self-taught, no-institution-exists-yet pattern recurring across the practice: skateboarding (learned socially among pe
- In Transition, RGB (three channels, light-based, screen/photograph) transitioning to CMYK (four channels, pigment-based,
- Transition and Art Collision were made specifically against the version of the European, subsidy-dependent art system th
- An invented-to-lived Romanticism arc: Nature vs Nurture (1994) uses the cross as a generic, Dalí-derived symbol of belie
Vision Analysis
The image is dominated by a tall, narrow architectural form rising through the center of the frame, set within an irregular grey field standing in for sky. The building reads as a composite: a lower section of ornate, light-colored masonry with arched openings and dense classical detailing gives way, without a clear seam, to a much taller, plainer tower of repeating vertical window bands in muted glass and stone tones, the whole form narrowing and rounding slightly as it rises. The transition between the two registers -- ornamented base, abstracted tower -- happens gradually rather than at a single break point, giving the structure a slightly impossible, telescoped quality, as though the vantage recedes the higher the eye travels. The grey field surrounding the building is not a rectangle. Its left and right edges are jagged and irregular, angling inward and outward unevenly, more like a torn or cut boundary than a drawn frame. Within this grey field a naturalistic sky is visible only inside the silhouette of the building and a narrow diagonal band at lower left and right -- warm-toned clouds catching low light against a graduated blue, suggesting early morning or evening. The contrast between the flat, uninflected grey of the outer field and the atmospheric, softly modeled sky glimpsed within is the single most conspicuous formal device in the piece: two entirely different registers of mark-making occupying the same picture plane, one additive and painterly in feel, the other closer to an untouched photographic surface. At the base of the composition, street level shows a paved road, orange traffic cones, and what reads as a low construction barrier or unfinished structure at the building's foot, rendered in the same photographic register as the tower above. Flanking the base at both lower corners are grey rectangular plinths or pedestals, each bearing a small stacked arrangement of four solid color blocks -- warm hues (red, yellow tones) on the left plinth, cooler and more saturated hues (blue, magenta, yellow, black-adjacent) on the right. These color blocks are the only passages of flat, unmodulated, non-representational color in the image, and their placement -- symmetrical, low, framing the composition like labels or specimens -- gives them a diagrammatic quality distinct from everything else in the piece. The overall palette is cool and restrained across the architecture and grey field, punctuated sharply by the small, saturated color blocks at the base and by the warmer tones of the visible sky fragments. Surface handling is difficult to fully resolve from the image alone: the grey field appears to carry visible brushwork, with some unevenness and directional strokes, while the building and street-level elements have a smoother, more continuous surface consistent with a printed or photographic source. The boundary between these two kinds of surface is not fully legible at this resolution. On temporal coexistence: the piece holds together at least two distinct pictorial time-signatures within one frame. The building itself already reads as an amalgam of at least two, possibly three, different architectural periods or structures fused into a single continuous form, with no attempt to disguise the shift in style, scale, or material between its lower and upper sections. Separately, the grey field's hand-applied quality sits against the more mechanically continuous photographic passages, so that the image asks to be read as both a single frozen moment (the street, the sky fragment) and an assembled, worked-over object built up over time. What resists confident description is the exact function of the two color-block arrangements at the base -- whether they are meant to be read as part of the depicted scene, as an applied framing device external to it, or as something closer to a caption or key. Their formal logic (four blocks, consistent ordering, symmetrical placement) is clear; their representational status relative to the rest of the image is not.
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